{"id":1194,"date":"2026-05-25T09:37:35","date_gmt":"2026-05-25T09:37:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/medadapt.staging.paprac.org\/politiques-mediterraneennes\/"},"modified":"2026-05-28T13:36:00","modified_gmt":"2026-05-28T13:36:00","slug":"politiques-mediterraneennes","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/medadapt.staging.paprac.org\/fr\/politiques-mediterraneennes\/","title":{"rendered":"Politiques m\u00e9diterran\u00e9ennes"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

Politiques r\u00e9gionales et mondiales d\u2019adaptation au changement climatique c\u00f4tier<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Adaptation to climate change in Mediterranean coastal areas is not only a scientific or technical challenge\u2014it is fundamentally a matter of governance. With projections suggesting that the number of people at risk in these areas may increase by up to 130% by 2100, the region\u2019s unique geographical, ecological, and cultural diversity requires an integrated and participatory approach to managing coastal risks and building resilience. This need is underpinned by decades of Mediterranean practice and supported by a robust international, regional, and European legal and policy framework that provides both the mandate and the justification for coordinated action.<\/p>

At the core of this framework lies the Protocol on Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) in the Mediterranean, adopted under the Barcelona Convention in 2008. As the first legally binding regional instrument on ICZM, it represents a milestone in coastal governance. The Protocol promotes a participatory, ecosystem-based approach that engages multiple sectors, levels of government, civil society, and local communities to ensure the sustainable development of coastal zones. It calls for minimizing negative environmental impacts and ensuring the sustainable use of coastal resources, covering diverse ecosystems such as wetlands, dunes, estuaries, forests, marine habitats, and beaches.<\/p>

The ICZM Protocol establishes clear obligations for Contracting Parties. Article 5 among else aims to prevent and reduce the effects of natural hazards, particularly those related to climate change. Article 6 requires the application of the ecosystem approach and emphasizes transparent governance with timely participation of stakeholders and local populations. Article 18 further mandates the preparation of national coastal strategies, plans, and programmes that define orientations for sustainable use, including carrying capacities, ecological limits, and conditions for land and marine use. These provisions explicitly link national strategies to implementation at appropriate territorial levels, embedding ICZM principles into domestic governance systems. In addition, its Part IV Articles 22, 23 and 24 require Parties to assess coastal risks, prevent and mitigate hazards like erosion and climate impacts, and strengthen coordinated national and international response to coastal natural disasters, while Article 8 introduces the establishment of a 100-metre coastal setback zone to preserve natural habitats and reduce exposure to climate-related hazards\u2014although this provision often faces implementation challenges and political sensitivities.<\/p>

Complementing the MSSD, the Regional Climate Change Adaptation Framework for the Mediterranean Marine and Coastal Areas (2026\u20132035) supports policymakers in strengthening resilience at national and local levels. It emphasises the development and implementation of adaptation plans integrated across economic and development strategies, with particular attention to sea level rise, saltwater intrusion, and impacts on groundwater and wetlands. The framework advocates cross-sectoral coordination, improved early warning systems, and the integration of climate data into disaster risk management, especially in areas most vulnerable to climate hazards. <\/p>

Beyond the Mediterranean-specific framework, global legal instruments reinforce the importance of integrated coastal planning. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) recognises coastal zones as particularly vulnerable to climate change. Article 4(1)(e) commits Parties to cooperate in preparing integrated plans for coastal zone management and related sectors, highlighting coastal planning as a central component of national adaptation strategies. This is further supported by the UNFCCC Technical Guidelines for the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) process, which emphasise the need to mainstream adaptation into sectoral and spatial planning. This framework has been further strengthened by the Paris Agreement, which elevates adaptation to a global priority alongside mitigation and calls on Parties to enhance adaptive capacity, strengthen resilience, and reduce vulnerability to climate change, including in coastal areas.<\/p>

Similarly, the United Nations General Assembly resolutions on \u201cStrengthening cooperation for integrated coastal zone management for achieving sustainable development\u201d (2025 and 2023) reaffirm ICZM as a dynamic and coordinated process essential for sustainable coastal management. It calls for enhanced cooperation across local, national, and regional levels, recognising both the fragility of coastal ecosystems and the multiple pressures they face. The resolution also highlights the contribution of ICZM to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including SDG 14 (life below water), SDG 13 (climate action), and SDG 15 (life on land), as well as broader objectives related to food security, health, and poverty reduction.<\/p>

Additional international frameworks, such as the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction and the Kunming\u2013Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, further reinforce the importance of integrated approaches that reduce risk, protect ecosystems, and strengthen resilience in coastal zones. Together, these instruments create a coherent global policy context for the preparation and implementation of coastal plans.<\/p>

At the European Union level, the 2021 Strategy on Adaptation to Climate Change, building on the European Green Deal, sets a long-term vision for achieving climate resilience by 2050. It highlights the vulnerability of coastal areas, which generate around 40% of the EU\u2019s GDP and host a similar share of its population, and notes that climate impacts are unevenly distributed, disproportionately affecting already disadvantaged regions. The EU promotes science-based ecosystem restoration and management to enhance resilience and ensure the continued provision of ecosystem services such as food, water purification, flood protection, biodiversity, and climate regulation. It also advances adaptation modelling and risk assessment tools, supported by programmes such as Horizon Europe, Digital Europe, Copernicus, and EMODnet.<\/p>

In parallel, the Floods Directive (2007\/60\/EC) provides a framework for assessing and managing flood risks across the EU, including coastal flooding. It requires Member States to conduct risk assessments, produce hazard and risk maps, and develop flood risk management plans that consider the impacts of climate change on the frequency and severity of flooding events, while allowing for adaptation to local and regional circumstances.<\/p>

Taken together, these frameworks\u2014from global conventions to Mediterranean protocols and EU strategies\u2014convey a consistent message: coastal adaptation is a collective responsibility that must be addressed through integrated, multi-level governance. Effective implementation depends on coordinated action, strong institutional capacity, and the ability to translate policy into practice. Inclusive decision-making, engagement of local communities, and the mobilisation of scientific knowledge, finance, and innovation are essential to ensure that Mediterranean coastal zones remain resilient in the face of increasing climate risks.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Politiques r\u00e9gionales et mondiales d\u2019adaptation au changement climatique c\u00f4tier Adaptation to climate change in Mediterranean coastal areas is not only a scientific or technical challenge\u2014it is fundamentally a matter of governance. With projections suggesting that the number of people at risk in these areas may increase by up to 130% by 2100, the region\u2019s unique […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1194","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/medadapt.staging.paprac.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1194","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/medadapt.staging.paprac.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/medadapt.staging.paprac.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medadapt.staging.paprac.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medadapt.staging.paprac.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1194"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/medadapt.staging.paprac.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1194\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1518,"href":"https:\/\/medadapt.staging.paprac.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1194\/revisions\/1518"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/medadapt.staging.paprac.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1194"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}